Technology and the Average Employee

It’s no wonder that the average employee is overwhelmed. If you look at technological advances in the last 30 years alone, we have gone from getting phone calls and letters and a bit of data to getting:

  • Data
  • Voice Mail
  • Email
  • Instant messages
  • Text messages
  • Facebook Messages
  • Tweats

We have gone from reading the newspaper, listening to radio and watching TV for our news to:

  • Websites
  • Blogs
  • Videos on YouTube
  • Pictures on Flickr

Where we once used a phone to communicate, we now use

  • Cell Phones
  • Blackberries
  • IPhones
  • IPads
  • Computers

If you put together the statistics on the average user who uses these devices and for the most part these are the younger employees for communications alone and not including media or data, the average user sends or gets:

  • 110 Emails
  • 53 Instant messages
  • 80 Text Messages
  • 100 Facebook posts

The email alone is enough to swamp an average employee but when you add in all of the websites, blogs, tweats, videos etc, it is a wonder that we have any time left to work.

Text Messaging

I was amazed to find out recently, the volume of texting going on. What Instant messaging is to the computer, text messaging or texting is to the phone or mobile device. According to Nielson Co. in 2009, “American teenagers sent and received an average of 2,272 text messages per month in the fourth quarter of 2008—almost 80 messages a day, more than double the average of a year earlier.”

Originally sent using SMS, (Short message Service) text messaging, refers to the exchange of brief written messages between fixed-line phone or mobile phone and fixed or portable devices over a network. Text Messaging now refers to messages that may contain image, video and sound content.  Texting has been a boon for the telephone companies as it gives them something more to charge for whereas much of IM is not paid for. Statistics about the use of Text Messaging say:

  • The ITU (October 2010) estimates that 6.1 trillion messages will be sent worldwide in 2010, that is triple the number sent in 2007 (1.8 trillion). That means 200 000 text messages are sent every second, earning operators US$14,000 every second (if the average text costs US$0.07)
  • The most number of texts are sent in The Philippines and the United States.
  • Portio Research (February 2010) estimates that SMS is used by four billion consumers worldwide and that worldwide SMS traffic will exceed 10 trillion in 2013.
  • The global mobile messaging business is worth over US$150 billion, and will hit US$233 billion by 2014.

The Change to an Industrial Economy

While it has taken only 30 or so years to move from an industrial economy to the knowledge economy, the change to an industrialized world was not as fast as one might think. It took a long time for James Watt’s steam engine to catch on so that the move from a cottage style workplace to a modern industrial society took 100 years from about 1800 to finally reach fruition. The biggest change occurred because productivity increases depended much more on efficiently organizing processes than it did on individual skills. As opposed to the handicraft tradition of apprentices, with efficient production processes, one could take a relatively unskilled individual and turn him or her into a productive worker in a relatively short period of time. It also meant that since dexterity and small hands became important in a mechanized environment, early mills could profit from the employment of relatively inexpensive women and children.

Perhaps this is why we are leaving so many people behind in the move towards a knowledge economy. Our change is coming at a much faster pace while the transition to highly skilled knowledge work is very complex and time consuming.

Email Usage

According to statistics from AOL’s Corporate Newsroom in their 45th (?) Annual Email Addiction Survey in 2009, 62% of at-work email users check work email over the weekend, and 19% check it five or more times in a weekend. More than 50% said they check it on vacation, with the highest amount coming from mobile device users at 78%. In another AOL Opinion Research Study in 2007, they reported that:

  • 15% of Americans say they are addicted to email.
  • 59% of those using portable devices check email as it arrives.
  • 43% of users sleep near their email unit to hear incoming messages.
  • 40% consider email accessibility when they plan a trip.
  • 83% check their email once a day while on vacation.
  • 43% check their email first thing every morning.

Statistics published by the Radacati group state that the typical corporate email user sends and receives about 110 emails per day. This breaks down into 74 email messages received, 61 of which are legitimate and 13 of which are spam. The average number of emails sent is about 36. Being a bit of a nerd, I went and looked at my own email usage over the last six months and found that on average I sent 25 a day. Because of the way I file emails, I was unable to figure out how many I received but I was able to determine that I deleted 67 per day on average. This means that 67 emails were not important enough for me to save them in folders that I set up for all projects I am working on. Given the total volume I could count, of 92 emails per day, it is likely that I am working at the average of about 110 per day.

Oddly enough 110 emails per day does not sound like all that much. Could you imagine though if you got 110 letters in the mail each day or you got 110 phone calls in a day. You would be absolutely swamped. And guess what? Many of these email users are actually swamped.

The Industrial Revolution

The industrial revolution changed the way work was done in the same way that the technology revolution is changing work today. The old cottage system of work migrated to larger units of production, particularly as the availability of centralized power made it possible to work on a larger scale. Not only did the nature of the enterprise change but the entire support structure of work was modified as a result. The need for significantly larger amounts of capital to support the new scale of industry changed the worlds of banking, insurance, exporting.

This new format of working changed the lives of workers forever. The craftsman working in his cottage making blankets, sweaters, hats or working as a blacksmith on iron could no longer survive as a result of increased competition and lower prices. This cottage worker now had to either step up and become an employer and owner of one of the factories or as was more common, become a wage slave in one of the factories. While in luxury goods, there was still a very hands on element and cottage style workers merely migrated to a new location where they did much of the same work as they had before, the introduction of powered machines radically changed the organization of job functions from the old handicraft tradition.

Adam Smith in The Wealth of Nations (1776) described the new production system in a pin factory:

“One man draws out the wire; another straights it; a third cuts it; a fourth points it; a fifth grinds it at the top for receiving the head; to make the head requires two or three distinct operations; to put it on is a peculiar business; to whiten the pin is another; it is even a trade by itself to put them into the paper; and the important business of making a pin is in this manner divided into about 18 distinct operations.” According to Smith, a single worker “could scarce, perhaps with his utmost industry, make one pin in a day, and certainly could not make 20.” The new methods enabled a pin factory to turn out as many as 4,800 pins a day.”